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Fingers & Toes
Finger Names: What are Fingers Called?
The five fingers of a typical human hand are the thumb, index finger, middle finger, ring finger and little finger. The little finger is often
referred to as the pinky, pinkie (in Scottish English), or baby finger.
Most people have five fingers on each hand and five toes on each foot. Some people, however, have more or fewer than five due to
congenital disorders such as polydactyly or oligodactyly, or accidental or medical amputations.
Humans have opposable thumbs. They can rotate in all directions and can be placed opposite the fingers of the same hand.
Opposable thumbs allow the digits to grasp and handle objects, and are characteristic of primates.
The palm has five bones known as metacarpal bones, one to each of the 5 digits. Human hands contain fourteen digital bones, also
called phalanges, or phalanx bones: two in the thumb (the thumb has no middle phalanx) and three in each of the four fingers. These
are the distal phalanx, carrying the nail, the middle phalanx, and the proximal phalanx.
Fingerprints
Fingerprints are the tiny ridges, whorls and valley patterns on the tip of each finger. Fingerprints are easily deposited on suitable surfaces such as glass or metal. The recovery of fingerprints from a crime scene is an important method of forensic science. No two people have been found to have the same fingerprints. They are even more unique than DNA, the genetic material in each of our cells. Although identical twins can share the same DNA -- or at least most of it -- they can't have the same fingerprints. A print from the sole of the foot can also leave an impression of friction ridges.
| finger # | regular name | medical name (Latin) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | thumb | pollex, digitus I manus, digitus primus manus |
| 2 | index finger (forefinger, pointer finger, trigger finger) | digitus II manus, digitus secundus manus |
| 3 | middle finger (long finger, tall finger) | digitus III manus, digitus medius manus, digitus tertius manus |
| 4 | ring finger | digitus IV manus, digitus quartus manus, digitus annularis manus, digitus medicinalis |
| 5 | pinky (pinkie, little finger, baby finger) | digitus minimus manus, digitus quintus manus, digitus V manus |
Toes
The toe refers to a part of the human foot, with five toes present on each human foot. Each toe consists of three phalanx bones, the
proximal, middle, and distal, with the exception of the big toe. The big toe only contains two phalanx bones, the proximal and distal.
The phalanx bones of the toe join to the metatarsal bones of the foot at the interphalangeal joints. Outside the hallux bones is skin, and
present on all five toes is a toenail.
Toe Names:
The first toe, also known as the hallux, big toe, great toe, the innermost toe
The second toe, or long toe
The third toe, or middle toe
The fourth toe, or ring toe
The fifth toe, or little toe, pinky toe, baby toe, the outermost toe
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